The impact of different filter materials on air filter performance

The core performance of air filters depends on the filter materials used. Different filter materials have different performances in terms of filtration efficiency, resistance, durability, etc. The following is an analysis of the characteristics of mainstream filter materials and their impact on filter performance.

1. Non-woven filter material
Non-woven fabric is a common primary filter material with low cost and good air permeability, but its interception ability for fine particles is limited. It is mainly suitable for pre-filtration. Its fiber structure determines that it is easy to adsorb large particles of dust, but the dust holding capacity decreases rapidly after long-term use and needs to be replaced frequently.

2. Glass fiber filter material
Glass fiber can efficiently capture PM2.5 and other particles with high filtration accuracy due to its extremely fine fiber diameter. It is often used in HEPA filter elements. However, the fiber is brittle, has low mechanical strength, is easy to break in high wind speed environments, and has relatively high resistance, which may affect the air volume of the equipment.

3. Melt-blown polypropylene (PP) filter material
Melt-blown PP material enhances adsorption capacity through electrostatic electret technology, achieves high filtration efficiency at low resistance, and balances performance and energy consumption. Its flexibility is better than glass fiber and is suitable for medium and high efficiency filter elements, but static electricity will decay over time and needs to be replaced regularly.

4. Activated carbon composite filter material
The activated carbon layer mainly targets gaseous pollutants (such as formaldehyde and odor), and its adsorption effect depends on the pore structure and content of the carbon particles. However, activated carbon alone cannot filter particulate matter and usually needs to be used in combination with non-woven fabrics or melt-blown layers, which is more expensive.